What Are Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)?

Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) are a set of standardised digital descriptions used in the built asset industry, providing an open, neutral and independent standard for Building Information Modelling (BIM), enabling interoperability between different software applications used in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) sector.

Key Points About IFC

1. Standardisation and Certification:

   • IFC is an ISO-certified standard (ISO 16739) developed by buildingSMART International, which guarantees automatic interpretability of information, enabling workflow automation.

2. File Formats:

   • IFC data can be stored in several formats, including .ifc (STEP physical file structure), .ifcXML (XML document structure) and .ifcZIP (compressed version).
   • These formats enable efficient data exchange and integration between different software platforms.

3. Model View Definitions (MVDs):

   • MVDs specify which data and/or elements should be included in an IFC model depending on the purpose of the exchange.
   • Examples include the Coordination View for sharing models between different disciplines and the Basic FM Handover View for facility management information.

4. Use in Software:

   • Archicad supports importing and exporting IFC files, enabling seamless data exchange and collaboration.
   • Archicad uses IFC Translators to define how elements should be interpreted and displayed during the import/export process.

5. Benefits:

   • IFC promotes interoperability, reducing the risk of data loss and ensuring consistency across the different stages of the project lifecycle.
   • IFC supports the integration of geometric and non-geometric data, improving the overall efficiency and accuracy of BIM projects.

Examples of IFC Benefits

1. Improved Data Exchange and Interoperability:

   • Example: An architecture practice uses Archicad to design a building, while the engineering team uses Software B for structural analysis. By using IFC, both teams can exchange data seamlessly without worrying about compatibility issues between the different applications/programs, ensuring everyone works with the most up-to-date information.

2. Improved Collaboration and Coordination:

   • Example: During the construction of a large building, the project involves multiple stakeholders, such as architects, engineers, contractors and facility managers. IFC allows all parties to access a single source of information, reducing misunderstandings and ensuring everyone is aligned.

3. Improved Project Management:

   • Example: A project manager overseeing the construction of a new hospital can use IFC to track changes and updates in real time. This helps identify potential issues in advance, such as clashes between mechanical and electrical systems, thereby avoiding costly delays and rework.

4. Improved Sustainability and Energy Efficiency:

   • Example: An environmental consultant uses IFC data to analyse the energy consumption and environmental impact of a building's design. This information helps optimise the building's performance, leading to more sustainable and energy-efficient construction practices.

5. Support for Facility Management:

   • Example: Following the construction of a university campus, the facility management team uses the IFCs to maintain and operate the buildings. The detailed information in the IFC files, such as material specifications and maintenance schedules, ensures efficient and effective facility management.

Common Misconceptions About IFC

1. IFC Is Only for Large Projects:

   • Reality: IFC can be used for projects of all sizes, from small residential buildings to large commercial complexes. Its advantages in terms of interoperability and data consistency apply regardless of the project's scale.

2. IFC Files Cannot Be Modified:

   • Reality: Although IFC files are standardised, they can be updated and modified as needed. Changes generally require formal change orders and approvals to ensure accuracy and consistency.

3. IFC Is Difficult to Implement:

   • Reality: Many modern BIM software applications support IFC, making it easier to implement and use. Training courses and resources are available to help teams get up to speed.

4. IFC Is Only for Design and Construction:

   • Reality: IFC is valuable throughout the entire building lifecycle, including operation and maintenance. It provides detailed information that supports facility management and long-term asset management.

Archicad and IFC: A Perfect Match

Archicad is particularly well suited to working with IFC thanks to its robust support for IFC standards and seamless integration. Here are some reasons why Archicad excels at using IFC:

1. Full IFC Compatibility:

   • Archicad supports the .ifc, .ifcXML and .ifcZIP file formats, ensuring compatibility with other BIM programs.
   • It offers multiple methods for importing IFC models, allowing greater flexibility when integrating data into projects.

2. Bidirectional Data Exchange:

   • Archicad enables bidirectional data exchange with other software, such as Autodesk Revit, through plugins such as the Archicad Connection plugin.
   • This ensures that data can be shared and updated seamlessly between different platforms, improving collaboration and coordination.

3. Customisable IFC Properties:

   • Users can add IFC properties to any element in Archicad, making it easier to schedule, label and search for elements according to specific criteria.
   • This customisation improves the accuracy and level of detail of BIM models, facilitating project management and decision-making.

4. Model View Definitions (MVDs):

   • Archicad supports various MVDs, such as the Coordination View, which is essential for sharing models between different disciplines.
   • These definitions ensure that the correct data is included in IFC models according to the intended use, improving the efficiency of data exchange.

By leveraging IFC, Archicad improves interoperability, collaboration and overall project efficiency, making it a powerful tool for BIM professionals.